International conflict poses the biggest threat to the stability of the world in the next 10 years, according to the 10
th edition of the World Economic Forum’s (WEF)
Global Risks report.
The report, which every year features an assessment by experts on the top global risks in terms of likelihood and potential impact over the coming 10 years, found interstate conflict with regional consequences as the number one global risk in terms of likelihood, and the fourth most serious risk in terms of impact.
In terms of likelihood, as a risk it exceeded extreme weather events (2), failure of national governance systems (3), state collapse or crisis (4), and high structural unemployment or underemployment (5), the report said.
“Twenty-five years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the world again faces the risk of major conflict between states,” said Margareta Drzeniek-Hanouz, lead economist, WEF. “However, today the means to wage such conflict, whether through cyber-attack, competition for resources or sanctions and other economic tools, is broader than ever.
“Addressing all these possible triggers and seeking to return the world to a path of partnership, rather than competition, should be a priority for leaders as we enter 2015.”
Looking at global risks in terms of their potential impact, the almost 900 experts who took part in the Global Risk Perception Survey rated water crises as the greatest risk facing the world.
Other top risks alongside that and interstate conflict in terms of impact were: rapid and massive spread of infectious diseases (2), weapons of mass destruction (3) and failure of climate change adaptation (5).
With the 28 global risks that were assessed in 2015 grouped into five categories – economic, environmental, geopolitical, societal and technological – 2015 stands out as a year when geopolitical risks, having been largely absent from the landscape of leading risks for the past half-decade, return to the fore.
With geopolitics increasingly influencing the global economy, these risks account for three of the five most likely, and two of the most potentially impactful, risks in 2015, the report said.
Also in this category, three risks stand out as having intensified the most since 2014 in terms of likelihood and impact. These were interstate conflict with regional consequences, weapons of mass destruction and terrorist attacks.
The risk landscape in 2015 also showed that there remains concern over the world’s ability to solve its most pressing societal issues, as societies are under threat from economic, environmental and geopolitical risks. Indeed, the societal risk accounted for the top two potentially impactful risks.
Also noteworthy was the presence of more environmental risks among the top risks than economic ones. This comes as a result of a marked increase in experts’ negative assessment of existing preparations to cope with challenges such as extreme weather and climate change, rather than owing to a diminution of fears over chronic economic risks such as unemployment and underemployment or fiscal crises, which have remained relatively stable from 2014.
In addition to assessing the likelihood and potential impact of these 28 global risks, Global Risks 2015 examines the interconnections between risks, as well as how they interplay with trends shaping the short- to medium-term risk landscape. It also offers analysis of three specific cases which emerge from the interconnections maps: the interplay between geopolitics and economics, the risks related to rapid and unplanned urbanization in developing countries and one on emerging technologies.
On urbanization, the report considers how best to build sufficient resilience to mitigate the challenges associated with managing the world’s rapid and historical transition from predominantly rural to urban living.
“Without doubt, urbanization has increased social well-being,” said Axel P Lehmann, chief risk officer at
Zurich Insurance Group. “But when cities develop too rapidly, their vulnerability increases: pandemics; breakdowns of or attacks on power, water or transport systems; and the effects of climate change are all major threats.”
The rapid pace of innovation in emerging technologies, from synthetic biology to artificial intelligence, also has far-reaching societal, economic and ethical implications.
Developing regulatory environments that are adaptive enough to safeguard their rapid development and allow their benefits to be reaped, while preventing their misuse and any unforeseen negative consequences is a critical challenge for leaders.
“Innovation is critical to global prosperity, but also creates new risks,” said John Drzik, president of global risk and specialties at
Marsh. “We must anticipate the issues that will arise from emerging technologies, and develop the safeguards and governance to prevent avoidable disasters.”
Read the full report
here.
